Long Wave Length CBR Spectrum Measurements

During the 1980's the Smoot Astrophysics Group in collaboration with groups from Milan (headed by Giorgio Sironi) and Bologna (headed by Reno Mandolesi) and with support from Padua (Luigi Danese & Gianfranco DeZotti) and Haverford (headed by Bruce Partridge) conducted a series of observations of the brightness of the sky in the microwaves. This lead to a series of measurements of the signal from the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, the atmospheric emission, and the Galactic emission at wavelengths from about 0.3 to 20 cm.

Scientists:

• Giovanni de Amici making atmospheric or galactic emission scans with the 4 GHz radiometer.
• Marco Bersanelli and Marc Bensadoun making observations with the 1.5 GHz radiometer.
• Ceremonial South Pole picture with Giovanni de Amici in 1989.
• Ambient Load Calibrator
• Photograph of 1989-1990 spectrum collaboration at the South Pole.
• Merry Christmas 1989 spelled out with bodies on the south polar ice.
• Screen Assembly in progress
• Wind Screen (also ground sreen and sun shade) being put into place.
• Steve Levin assembling the 7.5 GHz ground screen in our equipment tent.
• Giovanni & Steve ? with the radiometer out on the cold-load calbrator platform.
• Steve Levin packing after getting his Antarctic survival gear.
• Entry the dome at South Pole Station after being dropped off by airplane.
• At Airport Marco, Michele and Marc

South Pole and Group Photos:

• Panoramic Shots of cermonial South Pole and Station.
• Group Photograph at geographic South Pole December 1991.
• George Smoot, frost in beard, stands at the marker for the geographic South Pole of the Earth.
• George Smoot standing by the south geographic pole marker.
• wider shot of Smoot by the south pole marker.
• George Smoot at the ceremonial South Pole. (It's much closer to the Station.)
• Close up shot at the ceremonial South Pole.
• Group views mop up after high wind destroys days of work.
• Group photo on cold load platform Dec 1991.
• John Gibson in electronics corner of equipment and data recoding tent.
• Ceremonial Pole close up including George Smoot.
• Ceremonial South Pole picture with Giovanni de Amici in 1989.
• Photograph of 1989-1990 spectrum collaboration at the South Pole.
• Merry Christmas 1989 spelled out with bodies on the south polar ice.

Nice Optical Effects:

• American Flag in center of nice optical effect. See the Sun dogs and 22-degree ring created by ice crystals in the air.
• Ring around the Sun with 7.5 GHz radiometer blocking the direct sunlight.
• Solar Ring viewed from ground near the tilt mechanism and past the 7.5 GHz radiometer.
• Merry Christmas 1989 spelled out with bodies on the south polar ice.
• small version